| A/D | assembly/disassembly |
| AEC | Atomic Energy Commission |
| AHF | Advanced Hydrotest Facility |
| AQCR | Air Quality Control Region |
| ARS | Advanced Radiation Source |
| BEBA | beyond evaluation basis accident |
| BEEF | Big Explosives Experimental Facility |
| BEIR | biological effects of ionizing radiation |
| CAA | Clean Air Act |
| CEQ | Council on Environmental Quality |
| CERCLA | Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act |
| CFF | Contained Firing Facility |
| CFR | Code of Federal Regulations |
| Complex | Nuclear Weapons Complex |
| CTBT | Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty |
| CWA | Clean Water Act |
| DARHT | Dual Axis Radiographic Hydrodynamic Test (Facility) |
| D&D | decontamination and decommissioning |
| DOD | Department of Defense |
| DOE | Department of Energy |
| DOT | Department of Transportation |
| DP | DOE Office of the Assistant Secretary for Defense Programs |
| EA | environmental assessment |
| EBA | evaluation basis accident |
| EIS | environmental impact statement |
| EM | DOE Office of the Assistant Secretary for Environmental Management |
| EPA | Environmental Protection Agency |
| ES&H | environment, safety, and health |
| FONSI | Finding of No Significant Impact |
| FXR | Flash X-Ray (Facility) |
| HAP | hazardous air pollutants |
| HE | high explosives |
| HEPA | high efficiency particulate air (filter) |
| HEPPF | High Explosive Pulsed Power Facility |
| HEU | highly enriched uranium |
| HI | hazard index |
| HLW | high-level waste |
| HQ | hazard quotient |
| ICRP | International Commission on Radiological Protection |
| INEL | Idaho National Engineering Laboratory |
| IP | implementation plan |
| ISCST | Industrial Source Complex Short-Term (model) |
| K-25 | K-25 site, Oak Ridge Reservation |
| KCP | Kansas City Plant |
| LANL | Los Alamos National Laboratory |
| LLNL | Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory |
| LLW | low-level waste |
| NAAQS | National Ambient Air Quality Standards |
| NEPA | National Environmental Policy Act |
| NESHAP | National Emissions Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants |
| NIF | National Ignition Facility |
| NLVF | North Las Vegas Facility |
| NOI | Notice of Intent |
| NPDES | National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System |
| NPL | National Priorities List |
| NPR | Nuclear Posture Review |
| NPT | Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty |
| NRC | Nuclear Regulatory Commission |
| NRHP | National Register of Historic Places |
| NTS | Nevada Test Site |
| NWSM | Nuclear Weapon Stockpile Memorandum |
| NWSP | Nuclear Weapon Stockpile Plan |
| ORNL | Oak Ridge National Laboratory |
| ORR | Oak Ridge Reservation |
| OSHA | Occupational Safety and Health Administration |
| Pantex | Pantex Plant |
| PBFA II | Particle Beam Fusion Accelerator |
| PDD | Presidential Decision Directive |
| PEIS | programmatic environmental impact statement |
| PHERMEX | Pulsed High Energy Radiation Machine Emitting X-Rays (Facility) |
| PL | Public Law |
| R&D | research and development |
| RCRA | Resource Conservation and Recovery Act |
| RD&T | research, development, and testing |
| RIMS | Regional Input-Output Modeling System |
| ROD | Record of Decision |
| ROI | region of influence |
| SAR | Safety Analysis Report |
| SARA | Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act |
| SDWA | Safe Drinking Water Act |
| SHPO | State Historic Preservation Officer |
| SNL | Sandia National Laboratories/New Mexico |
| SRS | Savannah River Site |
| START | Strategic Arms Reduction Talks |
| TA | technical area |
| TLV-TWA | threshold limit value-time weighted average |
| TRU | transuranic |
| TSCA | Toxic Substances Control Act |
| TSP | total suspended particulates |
| USFWS | U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service |
| VOCs | volatile organic compounds |
| Y-12 | Y-12 Plant, Oak Ridge Reservation |
| WIPP | Waste Isolation Pilot Plant |